1. What does `vacancy rate` refer to in property management?
A. The rate of property tax increases.
B. The percentage of unoccupied units in a property.
C. The cost of maintaining a property.
D. The rate of tenant turnover.
2. What is a `contingency` in a real estate contract?
A. A clause that automatically voids the contract.
B. A condition that must be met for the contract to be binding.
C. A penalty for breaching the contract.
D. A government regulation affecting the contract.
3. What does `title insurance` protect against?
A. Damage to the property from natural disasters.
B. Financial loss due to defects in the property`s title.
C. Liability for injuries occurring on the property.
D. Loss of rental income due to vacancy.
4. What is a `real estate appraisal`?
A. A legal document transferring property ownership.
B. An estimate of a property`s market value by a qualified professional.
C. A home inspection to identify potential defects.
D. A marketing plan to sell a property.
5. What is `ad valorem` tax?
A. A fixed tax rate applied to all properties.
B. A tax based on the assessed value of a property.
C. A tax on rental income.
D. A tax on the transfer of property ownership.
6. What is `brownfield land`?
A. Undeveloped land in a rural area.
B. Previously developed land that may be contaminated.
C. Land designated for agricultural use.
D. Land protected for conservation purposes.
7. What is the meaning of `amortization` in the context of a mortgage?
A. The process of insuring a mortgage against default.
B. The gradual repayment of a loan principal over time.
C. The initial down payment required for a mortgage.
D. The interest rate charged on a mortgage.
8. Which of the following best describes `due diligence` in real estate?
A. The process of formally transferring property ownership.
B. A preliminary estimate of a property`s market value.
C. A comprehensive investigation of a property to assess its risks and benefits.
D. The act of advertising a property for sale or lease.
9. What is `right of first refusal`?
A. The right to demand a lower price on a property.
B. The right to match an offer made by another party to purchase a property.
C. The right to evict a tenant without cause.
D. The right to develop a property without zoning restrictions.
10. What does `cap rate` (capitalization rate) measure in real estate investment?
A. The annual appreciation of a property`s value.
B. The rate of return on a real estate investment based on its net operating income.
C. The interest rate on a mortgage.
D. The cost of capital improvements to a property.
11. In the context of property management, what does `NOI` stand for?
A. Net Operating Income
B. National Occupancy Index
C. New Owner Information
D. Negotiated Offer Increase
12. What is `curb appeal`?
A. The total square footage of a property.
B. The attractiveness of a property from the street.
C. The amount of property taxes owed.
D. The cost of landscaping a property.
13. What is `equity` in real estate?
A. The amount of the mortgage loan.
B. The difference between the property`s market value and the outstanding mortgage balance.
C. The annual property taxes paid.
D. The cost of homeowner`s insurance.
14. What is a `lease option` in real estate?
A. A type of insurance policy for renters.
B. An agreement that gives a tenant the right to purchase the property at a predetermined price within a specific timeframe.
C. A short-term rental agreement.
D. A government subsidy for low-income renters.
15. What is the difference between `real property` and `personal property`?
A. Real property is movable, while personal property is fixed.
B. Real property is land and anything permanently attached to it, while personal property is movable.
C. Real property is owned by individuals, while personal property is owned by businesses.
D. Real property is insured, while personal property is not.
16. What does `PMI` stand for in the context of mortgages?
A. Property Maintenance Index
B. Private Mortgage Insurance
C. Public Market Investment
D. Principal Mortgage Interest
17. In real estate, what does `REO` stand for?
A. Real Estate Ordinance
B. Real Estate Owned
C. Rental Equity Option
D. Residential Expense Obligation
18. What does `escrow` typically refer to in a real estate transaction?
A. A type of mortgage insurance.
B. A neutral third party holding funds or documents until specific conditions are met.
C. The process of obtaining a building permit.
D. A government agency that regulates real estate transactions.
19. What is a `real estate investment trust` (REIT)?
A. A government agency that regulates real estate investments.
B. A company that owns, operates, or finances income-producing real estate.
C. A type of mortgage insurance.
D. A program that provides housing assistance to low-income families.
20. What does `zoning` regulate?
A. The price of properties in an area.
B. The types of activities that can take place on a property.
C. The architectural style of buildings.
D. The interest rates on mortgages.
21. What is `escrow analysis`?
A. The process of determining the value of a property in escrow.
B. The lender`s review of an escrow account to ensure sufficient funds are available to pay property taxes and insurance.
C. The buyer`s inspection of a property in escrow.
D. The seller`s review of the escrow agreement.
22. What is `capital gain` in real estate?
A. The original purchase price of a property.
B. The profit earned from selling a property for more than its purchase price.
C. The annual property taxes paid on a property.
D. The cost of renovating a property.
23. Which term refers to the legal right to pass over another person`s property?
A. Easement
B. Encroachment
C. Appurtenance
D. Escheat
24. What is the meaning of `grandfathered in` regarding zoning regulations?
A. A property is exempt from new zoning regulations because it existed before the regulations were enacted.
B. A property is required to comply with all new zoning regulations immediately.
C. A property receives special government funding for development.
D. A property is subject to higher property taxes.
25. What is `constructive eviction`?
A. The legal process of removing a tenant from a property.
B. A situation where a landlord makes a property uninhabitable, forcing the tenant to leave.
C. A tenant`s voluntary move from a property.
D. A government program that provides housing assistance.
26. In real estate, what is a `lien`?
A. A type of property tax assessment.
B. A legal claim or right against a property, often for unpaid debt.
C. A government program that provides housing assistance.
D. A zoning regulation that restricts property use.
27. Which of the following is NOT a typical responsibility of a property manager?
A. Collecting rent.
B. Maintaining the property.
C. Drafting legal contracts for property sales.
D. Screening potential tenants.
28. What is `eminent domain`?
A. A legal process for resolving property disputes.
B. The right of the government to take private property for public use, with just compensation.
C. A type of property insurance that covers natural disasters.
D. A zoning regulation that restricts property development.
29. What is a `fixture` in real estate?
A. A temporary structure on a property.
B. Personal property that is easily removable.
C. An item of personal property that has become permanently attached to the real property.
D. A legal document outlining property boundaries.
30. What is a `balloon payment` in a mortgage?
A. A small, regular mortgage payment.
B. A large, lump-sum payment due at the end of a mortgage term.
C. A payment made to reduce the mortgage interest rate.
D. A penalty for paying off a mortgage early.
